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Provability logic : ウィキペディア英語版
Provability logic
Provability logic is a modal logic, in which the box (or "necessity") operator is interpreted as 'it is provable that'. The point is to capture the notion of a proof predicate of a reasonably rich formal theory, such as Peano arithmetic.
==Examples==
There are a number of provability logics, some of which are covered in the literature mentioned in the References section. The basic system is generally referred to as GL (for Gödel-Löb) or L or K4W. It can be obtained by adding the modal version of Löb's theorem to the logic K (or K4).
Namely, the axioms of GL are all tautologies of classical propositional logic plus all formulas of one of the following forms:
* Distribution Axiom:
* Löb's Axiom:
And the rules of inference are:
* Modus Ponens: From ''p'' → ''q'' and ''p'' conclude ''q'';
* Necessitation: From ''p'' conclude .

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